
What is Budgeting over the infinite horizon?
I understand budget for a fixed period like 25-75yrs(finite horizon) or so but what does infinite horiozn? How can one budget till inifinity?https://www.forbes.com/sites/kotlikoff/2013/06/14/why-governments-need-to-budget-over-the-infinite-horizon/#ca584b659d52
Why doesn't the state of Tennessee support EPB?
Here's more about the outrageous behavior of the Tennessee state legislature https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/tennessee-could-give-taxpayers-americas-fastest-internet-for-free-but-it-will-give-comcast-and-atandt-dollar45-million-instead
Richard Wolff posted an official response
This situation is as old as capitalism. Businesses - and especially big ones like ATT, etc. - obtain govt supports (tax breaks, subsidies, etc.) by funding parties and politicians. The Tenessee example one of thousands every year at federal, state and local levels. Its not "crony capitalism" its just plain capitalism that has always worked in that way much of the time.
follow-up to UA - no reason to "overbook"
Professor: Outstanding show; keep it up. My follow-up: when discussing the UA overbooking, I thought another important aspect to the "overbooking issue" could have been discussed - passengers pay whether they board or not and insurance covers the rest. When a passenger books a flight, he or she pays for the ticket in advance and the airline gets its money - regardless of whether or not the passengers shows at all. If a passenger so desires, he or she may buy insurance "on the ticket" in order to change the flight or cancel, etc., for whatever reason is covered. So, if an airline books 100 seats on a plane with 100 seats, the airline receives 100% of that airplane's earning capacity for those seats. The passenger buys a ticket and either flies or does not fly. The passenger pays for the seat and the airline receives the money. If the passenger desires to buy and buys insurance and, prior to departure, changes the flight (so that seat is empty) doesn't the insurance company pay the airline for that seat (or some portion thereof)? I presume airline ticket insurance, works like any other insurance: the insurers take money from customers in a group pool, whereby the company receives enough money to pay for any "covered loss" (some risk the policy is designed to cover the cost of in the event the risk occurs) incurred by a member of the group and retain a certain remainder. I would guess most of the insureds never experience a covered loss because they follow-through with their air-travel plans, so the insurer can offer the coverage for a small portion of the air-fare fee and earn enough money to pay for all losses and overhead and make a profit (otherwise, there would be no airline ticket insurance industry). Accordingly, if the airline gets paid by passengers in advance and receives payment for every customer (paid regardless or obtained insurance coverage), then why do airlines overbook? If for any other reason than to obtain more money (actual flyers plus the insurance for no-shows). And, in the latest UA case, they did not even overbook. And, like you said, the airline put profits (deadheading crew for other flights) ahead of the customer). So while the latest incident was not really an overbooking issue (although it's how the issue has been framed and how everyone is talking about it), I would like to hear your thoughts on why airlines overbook. Am I missing something? Is it just really not that significant? Or is it something else?
Richard Wolff posted an official response
My understanding is that overbooking is just a way to sell more seats, more than exist on each flight. Under the various circumstances which might lead one ticketed flyer to miss or postpone the flight, the airline substitutes another ticketed passenger (and thus makes the seat revenue-productive) while it dickers withe original ticketed passenger about whether and how he.she might fly later etc. Selling more tickets than seats in advance and holding that money (often for many months) while paying no interest on it is profitable even if and when a limited auction needs to be held to persuade ticketed fliers to give up their seats. The bean counters have figured that out. Remember too that a certain number of ticketed passengers who miss flights simply assume they have list the money they paid and never make any further claims on the airline who ticketed them. Its all about profit. The annoyance, aggravation, lost time and energy, and even now (as in UA example) the violence doable to fliers, even ticketed ones, is deemed a "cost" of profit maximizing strategies. If such costs are lower than the revenue generated by overbooking and violently bouncing recalcitrant ticket holders, the overbooking and violence are pursued. Individuals fighting back - and better movements of aggrieved people fighting back - can change things...as they did already in the UA case.
What is the case for rent stabilization?
Rents are outpacing pay and pay increases. Stiff increases (like the 20% I got, 50% my neighbors received) displace long term residents, including families. I am in the LA area and our school district lost 3 students as a result of my neighbors' rent increases, and other long-time neighbors moved.
Richard Wolff posted an official response
The short answer is this. An effective community is a complex and wonderful thing for a neighborhood to achieve. Letting "the market" determine who lives in your neighborhood is a weird way for human beings to construct communities. Rich people can buy into any neighborhood, evict poor people and reconstruct what the neighborhood is around their own notions of community forcing the evicted to forage wherever they can find what they can afford. Bringing differently talented people together in communities with rich, different cultural backgrounds, career aspirations, etc is a skill in no way reducible to "letting the market" dictate gentrification. And if a democratic way to construct communities and neighborhoods means anything, it means NOT allowing rent inflation to dictate who lives somewhere rather than democratic decision-making. The bottom line: creative, democratically organized and run communities are fundamentally incompatible with capitalism and market mechanisms.
Larry Fink and Public Spending - what about MMT?
On Dr Wolff's latest Economic Update, I became puzzled. The implication was that Larry Fink needed to have private funds mingled with public funds for Trumps trillion dollar infrastructure plans because " we're out of money." According to L Randall Wray, Stephanie Kelton and Warren Mosler federal taxes are not required to fund federal spending. In fact, congress can request any spending required and needed and this spending does not have to depend on anything other than sound spending on sensible projects that are good for our future and the environment's future. Dr Wolff was right that this is a hustle. However, why does Dr Wolff leave out the fact that federal spending does not rely on direct spending into the economy? Can't congress request this spending? Federal taxes do not fund federal spending. Does Dr Wolff agree with this? If not, please explain why Stephanie Kelton, Michael Hudson, L Randall Wray, Warren Mosler, William K Black and all the rest that understand Modern Monetary Theory are wrong
Regarding your comment on Creative Destruction of Self Driving Cars on 04/13/2017
Dear Professor Wolff, Your suggestion is that self-driving-cars will destroy the economy of truck drivers and professional drivers (about 1.5% of US population); however; the numbers are much greater than that: The computer will reduce the rate of accidents drastically and not only professional drivers will be greeters at Walmart and Starbucks; but ambulance chaser lawyers, their secretaries, their chiropractors, their MRIs consultations will also dwindle to a halt. So... the number of Creative Destruction of computerized vehicles are much greater than you originally spoke. In fact; in my 2014 book "Repursury: How Slavery Evolved into Usury Through Repurchase;" I started the book predicting truck drivers finding the same end as elevator conductors. (I am a fan of your body of work; best wishes. B.Sandy) https://www.facebook.com/repursury/ or www.bsandy.com
Weren't there many reason why Clinton lost the election, not just what you and Dr. Fraad discuss?
There were many other reasons why Clinton lost the election. The discussions with Dr. Fraad focus on the issues the white male has had. I don't think I ever heard either you or her say that this was just ONE reason. Obviously, the email scandal, the FBI director, her elitist perception and inability to connect with women, fake news, people hating both candidates, etc. Thanks and LOVE your work.
You and Dr. Fraad
I admires all of your programs, positions, and writings, but I am curious why you do not disclose your relationship to Dr. Fraad. It doesn't matter, of course, one way or the other to the content and validity of your comments and her comments, but it does seem an odd omission.
Richard Wolff posted an official response
Our thought on this is to enable Dr Fraad to present her thinking, based on her clinical practice and psychological research, without any suggestion of extraneous conditions and relationships that might risk some listeners/viewers somehow disregarding what she has to say. Her appearances on the radio/tv program are a response to the remarkable reactions her comments consistently evoke in listeners and viewers who asked repeatedly for more of her insights.
Dear Mr. Wolff
I am Miroslav from Bulgaria and I want to congratulate you for your all work that you have done and continiue to do to help people to understand what menace is the capitalism. I would like to ask you when lecturing to put some examples for post communist countries such as Bulgaria. After 1989 this country with very well developed industry and social system now is in very bad situation. From 9 milion people population now is 6 milions the industry is ruined and economy relies only to the EU donnations, education now produces functional ilitterate students and the situation is getting worse. You can make a lecture for what the capitalism made with our and the other communist countries tho show the real consequencies of the wild capitalsm. Best regards, Miroslav
Does RT Television have hidden motives?
Hello Professor Wolff, I really enjoy seeing how RT has given you so much time in their shows and I am glad I can hear you talk about current events (like the United Airlines recent problems and such). I was wondering though, considering how you're talking about the corporations having so much power because they can influence people through media, do you think they have hidden motives for giving you so many chances to speak out against the government? Thank you, A devoted fan
If you know Michel Collon
Hi I am from Quebec and I listen to this really interesting person Michel Collon and I think if you don't already know him be a good informative source since he share same opinion thanks
Hi Richard. I was wondering if you could talk a little about housing and negative gearing. Regards.
Here's a link to some audio from TV talk show The Drum, featuring guest's comments in response to Finance Minister Scott Morrison's talk about negative gearing. How I wish Richard was there to respond! https://soundcloud.com/rui-santos-153340426/negative-gearing-on-the-drum
Would you support a more democratic approach to foreign policy?
Specifically this... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wFNl4yDZNQM I would love to see you cover this as a topic, but even your direct feedback would be much appreciated. Gary Stark
Your Boeing argument: based on wrong info on effective corporate tax rate?
HELP me win argument with my conservative boss! I argued your point from recent video about Boeing choosing to make airplane parts in European countries, where corp taxes are higher. Doing this because of the benefits of those taxes -- better-educated workers, better infrastructure, etc. But he says it's not true that corp taxes are higher in Europe. And I think he might be right, though I can see from my google search there is a lot of fog on this point. The EPI says effective corp tax rate in US is 27%, in line with most European countries. http://www.epi.org/publication/ib364-corporate-tax-rates-and-economic-growth/ How do I respond to this? thanks.
Richard Wolff posted an official response
More than ever, corporations have learned how to use globalization to evade taxes. This makes good numbers very hard to come by. Here is what we know. The US tax rate on corp profits = 35% but with deductions and exemptions, the EPI and others calculate an average effective rate closer to the mid 20s% which is not very different from calculations of what average Europeans pay. However, averages are deceiving, when corporations from the US relocate to Ireland, Netherlands, etc they can wrangle far, far lower rates or take advantage of public rates that are far lower than mid 20s%. Boeing likely went to Europe for multiple reasons including better tax deals, better relations with final customers in Europe, and so on
Worker Cooperatives
I believe that your interpretation of worker cooperatives as the starting point towards a transition towards socialism draws heavily from Capital. Particularly, there is a chapter in Volume III where Marx states that worker ownership is a starting point. "The co-operative factories of the laborers themselves represent within the old form the first sprouts of the new, although they naturally reproduce, and must reproduce, everywhere in their actual organization all the shortcomings of the prevailing system"(Marx, Capital Volume 3, Chapter 27) If the aforementioned interpretation is correct, wouldn't cooperatives still suffer from the same cycles that plague a capitalist economic system? Wouldn't the law of value still dominate in the sphere of circulation? Even if co-ops completely resolved the contradictory nature of capital in the production function, one could still be a landlord/usurer/capitalist if private property still exists. I could buy up land or property and rent it out to exploit workers. If you do not agree with this interpretation, do you think Marx was wrong?